The movement techniques I will cover here are the sniper low crawl, medium crawl, high crawl, hands and knees, and walking. Before we start, let’s go over a few rules.
When selecting which movement technique to employ, you should always use the technique below what you think you can safely use. An example of this is if you think you can stay undetected using the high crawl, then use the medium crawl. This is to allow you some sort of room for error when there’s no room for error, and to maximize your effectiveness.
• Always assume the area is under enemy observation.
• Move Slowly. A sniper counts his movement progress in feet and inches.
• Do not cause overhead movement of trees, bushes, or tall grasses by rubbing against them.
• Plan every movement and move in segments of the route at a time.
• Stop, look, and listen often.
• Move during disturbances such as gunfire, explosions, aircraft noise, wind or anything that will distract the enemy’s attention or conceal the team’s movement.
Sniper Low Crawl
The sniper low crawl is used when concealment is extremely limited, when close to the enemy, or when occupying a firing position.
• Legs Together
• Push With Toes
• Pull With Fingers
• Hold Weapon By Sling
FM 23-10 4-8
Medium Crawl
The medium crawl is used when concealment is limited and the team needs to move faster-than the sniper low crawl allows. The medium crawl is similar to the infantryman’s low crawl.
• Lie Flat On The Ground
• Legs Spread
• Push With Legs
• Pull With Arms
• Hold Weapon By Sling
FM 23-10 4-9
High Crawl
The high crawl is used when concealment is limited but high enough to allow the sniper to raise his body off the ground. The high crawl is similar to the infantry high crawl.
• Support Body With Elbows And Knees
• Move On Elbows And Knees
• Body Raised Off The Ground
• Cradle Weapon In Arms
FM 23-10 4-9
Hands and knees crawl
The hand-and-knees crawl is used when some concealment is available and the sniper team needs to move faster than the medium crawl.
• Body Supported By Knees And Hand
• Weapon Carried In Other Hand
• Scope In Armpit
FM 23-10 4-10
Walking
Walking is used when there is good concealment, it is not likely the enemy is close, and speed is required.
• Crouch With Body Bent Forward And Knees Bent
• Weapon In Line With Body
• Muzzle Pointed Down
FM 23-10 4-10